Religious Tolerance in Ottoman Empire

In the Ottoman Empire, there was religious tolerance because religion played a critical role in enhancing peace and stability. Religious leaders were respected because they were depended upon during calamities and disasters. Moreover, religious leaders had a big role to play in ensuring that people lived in harmony.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Religious Tolerance in Ottoman Empire specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Religious tolerance in the Ottoman Empire could not be compared to religious tolerance in the Roman Empire because diversity was not allowed in the Roman Empire. Non-Muslims, often referred to as dhimmis, were allowed to practice their forms of religions, but under close supervision. Christians were allowed to exist freely, as long as they accepted the fact that Islam was the supreme religion in the empire. In matters related to religion, the Ottoman Empire formulated policies that favored freedom of religion. This was because the clergy had the role to play in the running and management of public affairs. Religion was treated as an institution of government with powers to execute governmental policies. In this regard, the government formulated a number of policies aimed at regulating the performance of religious organizations. The empire had strong relationships with other empires that respected religious institutions, such as the Greek Orthodox Church (Karpat 78). Religious tolerance in the Ottoman Empire was very important in two major ways. One is that the empire was surrounded by states that practiced Christianity. In fact, it was the only state, which practiced Islam as its major religion in Europe. The neighboring states embraced Christianity meaning that it could have lost its status in case it proscribed other religions. For instance, the neighboring states, such as Greece, never tolerated Islam. It could be disastrous in case the state neglected the rights of other re ligious groups supported by major powers in Europe. To avoid political inconsistencies, the state allowed other religious groups to exercise their rights. Moreover, the state had an ambition of expanding to other regions. This ambition could not have been achieved in case religious tolerance was not adopted.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It became easy to conquer other states because conquered states could be allowed to practice their cultural beliefs. Many kingdoms and chiefdoms resisted foreign powers because they interfere with their cultural rights and freedom. By embracing religious tolerance, the empire negotiated easily with other foreign powers on matters related to cooperation and security. The millet system refers to the system of governance in which minorities are given powers to conduct their activities without interference from dominant groups. Arabs in the Ott oman Empire introduced the system after the adoption of Islamic religion. Before the establishment of the Ottoman Empire, the millet system was used to cater for the needs of the poor in society. The government would provide basic needs such as food to the needy. In the Ottoman Empire, minor religious groups were given a set of norms that would control their behavior in the empire. Their existence in society was recognized legally because they were allowed to worship their gods without interference. Under the millet system, the majority was viewed as the mainstream while the minority was expected to conform to the norms and regulations of the majority. Christians and other minority groups were supposed to follow the Islamic laws, by appreciating the fact that Islam was the main religion in the Ottoman Empire. In this case, Christians and other minorities were not supposed to act in a way that would compromise the belief system of Muslims. Individual millets in the Ottoman Empire wer e taken care of by their local leaders. The millets lived in groups and could form their own states within the larger empire. They could be allowed to establish their own taxation system. However, their agencies could only be functional after receiving approval from the Ottoman Empire officials. Moreover, the millets could have their own set of laws, which could only apply within their boundaries. In case of an inconsistency with non-millets, Islamic laws could be invoked (Imber 12).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Religious Tolerance in Ottoman Empire specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Millets were left to enjoy their rights, but they were supposed to show loyalty by paying taxes to the main government. The millet system applied to the confessional communities only. Each community could come with its own laws, as long as the laws were not contradictory to the laws of the Ottoman Empire. In the current internation al system, the word nation is used to mean the same thing as the millet. Each person was supposed to respect the laws of his community under the millet system. The system was very effective, though a number of European states opposed it. Millet system is used by various countries, including Israel, to solve issues related to religion and culture. The millet system is used mainly because of cultural diversity among the Israeli populace. Israel is a state that was established in 1948 under the supervision of United Nations. Its population has a diverse culture, which makes it difficult for the government to use a single set of rules. The application of the millet system is aimed at enhancing Jewish identify. Moreover, the country cannot afford to apply Jewish laws to all people because it would risk being isolated by other states. Therefore, the state allows various groups to apply their private laws to resolve internal conflicts. Scholars observe that legal pluralism (millet system) in Israel has not been successful. Under the millet system, the Israeli government gives various groups the power to establish courts that would resolve issues related to the family and marriage. Moreover, each group is given the power to establish its own religious court, which is charged with the responsibility of resolving issues related to faith.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this case, groups can only endorse marriages that their cultures support. In the Islamic culture, Muslim men can marry Christian women, but a Muslim woman cannot marry a Christian man because it is against the Arabic culture. In matters related to divorce, each religion has its laws and regulations. The millet system allows each group to apply the set of laws that are recognized culturally. In the Israeli society, a Muslim should not marry a Jewish because it is unconstitutional (Turchin 14). This rule is in the constitution implying that the millet system cannot be used in such cases. In some parts of France, the millet system is applied effectively. For instance, women are expected to wear hijab while men are expected to keep long hair. In such regions, there are tight laws regarding the sale of certain commodities. For instance, alcohol is not sold to certain age groups while pork is prohibited. Moreover, there is a public order regulating the licensing of clubs, cinemas, and theaters. Social places are termed places of sin because they do not conform to the provisions of the Islamic religion. In the Ottoman Empire, the regime tolerated religious diversity because of the factors discussed in the previous sections. However, religious tolerance was weak because it favored one religious group. The political elites observed that Islam was the supreme religion and other religious groups had to obey it. This was unacceptable because favoring one religious denomination amounted to discrimination. Religious toleration emerged from Islamic teachings, not the constitution. This meant that Islam would be applied in interpreting major religious issues. For instance, it was against religious codes to practice homosexuality and abortion because Islam was against it. Moreover, Islam never allowed Muslims to interact with other groups socially. Religious tolerance in the empire was weak because Muslims were not allowed to convert to other religious denominations. Moreov er, leadership was supposed to be offered by religious leaders from Islamic religion only. In public places, all non- Muslims were expected to wear clothes that would distinguish them from Muslims. In fact, no-Muslims were restricted from participating in key political processes such as voting and applying for senior positions in government. Other religious groupings were supposed to pay a special tax referred to as jizya. This was a tax paid by all non-Muslims for them to be allowed to practice their cultures peacefully. In other words, non-Muslims were allowed to buy their freedom, unlike Muslims who could be allowed to exercise their freedom without restriction. All adults living in the Islamic states were supposed to pay taxes as a sign of loyalty to the government. Christians who never showed loyalty to Islam were often persecuted and oppressed. Ottoman tolerance was based on goodwill and cleverness because it only benefited Turkish Muslims. Works Cited Imber, Colin. The Ottoma n Empire, 1300–1650: The Structure of Power. Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Print. Karpat, Kemal. The Ottoman state and its place in world history. Leiden: Brill, 1974. Print. Turchin, Thomas, and J. Adams. â€Å"East-West Orientation of Historical Empires†. Journal of World-Systems Research 12.2 (2006): 219–229. Print. This essay on Religious Tolerance in Ottoman Empire was written and submitted by user Logan Chan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

William Wordsworth, the Wandering Poet.

William Wordsworth, the Wandering Poet. Through the many works of William Wordsworth is found a vast correlation in his poetry and the experiences which he went through as an early child and throughout the rest of his life. These experiences carved themselves into Wordsworth's mind giving him a favorable ability to put his experiences and emotions into words through his good-natured poetry. To greater understand the poetry he wrote, it is crucial to have a knowledge of the life he lived.William Wordsworth was born the second child of John and Ann Wordsworth in Cockermouth, Cumberland, on April 7, 1770. Wordsworth was living up a decently good childhood in Cockermouth until 1778, where in March of that year his mother Ann died and the family was split up. Wordsworth's sister Dorothy was sent to live at Halifax with her mother's cousin, and the boys of the family were sent to school at Hawkshead where they were educated well and cared for.English: Portrait of William Wordsworth by William...It was young William's headmaster at Hawkshead who first encouraged him to read and write poetry. Wordsworth also happened to later write a poem about this early time in his life called "The Prelude." In this poem Wordsworth directly conveys the childish activities which he experienced which seemed quite normal, but would later develop him into a great poet.Four years had passed since his mother died and then, on December 30th, 1983 after celebrating the Christmas holidays, his father passed away at Wordsworth's young age of thirteen. After this occurrence their house was given up and the boys were made to live with their maternal grandparents the Cooksons, and their uncle, Christopher Crackanthoope Cookson. At this time in Wordsworth's life he underwent a significant change experienced dependency through patronization and also underwent a rebellious state from having to live with people who weren't...

The C7 (5.56 mm rifle) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The C7 (5.56 mm rifle) - Research Paper Example Its is equipped with direct gas system, full length hammer forged barrel, and rotating bolt very much identical to the U.S made M16 assault rifle in internal parts. The C7 is currently being used by the military forces of Canada, Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, Iceland, and the United Kingdom. In 2007, the Canadian military forces announced supporting the build-up capacity of Afghan National Army (ANA) with C7 rifles in the fight against terrorism. However, those 2500 rifles were later returned back, and M16s were preferably adopted by the ANA. This paper attempts to investigate the capabilities, specification and working of the C7 rifle. It also reflects on the durability, reliability and accuracy of the rifle for adoption in enemy combats. Discussion The rifle is capable of firing a single shot as well as more rounds per trigger. It possesses a structurally strong 51 cm long, cold hammer forged barrel designed for accuracy, consistency and durability. The operating rod is replaced by direct gas chamber to enhance the precision and reliability of the firing forces. The C7 is produced in two basic variations/configurations; C7A1 and C7A2. The former is a full length fixed stock battle rifle, whereas the later is an upgraded version with adjustable stock. The 5.56 x 45 mm NATO cartridge is designed for longer range combat capabilities. The rifle has a flat top that can be manufactured in Weaver rail or the Picatinny rail. A standard C7 rifle is illustrated in figure 01. Figure 01 The C7 Rifle Source: Colt Canada Corporation Website (www.coltcanada.com). 1 - 51 cm (20 inch) cold hammer forged barrel, 2 - Flash suppressor, 3 - Bayonet lug, 4 - TRI-AD 1TM MIL-STD-1913 accessory mount, 5 - Coloured furniture to break up weapon outline, 6 - Improved chamber and gas system, plus Elastomeric Receiver Retainer, 7 - Accepts all STANAG magazines, 8 - Integrated sight rail (Weaver or Picatinny), 9 - Optional ambidextrous controls, 10 - Single or double sided sling loop, 11 - Standard 4 position buttstock with no slip rubber butt pad (C7A2) or fixed buttstock (C7A1), 12 - Battery stowage pistol grip insert. The C7 rifle can be further divided into two main components; the upper receiver group and the lower receiver group as shown in figure 02. The upper receiver is attached to the barrel of the rifle and contains the bolt and the cocking handle. A rear sight is also mounted on the upper receiver. The trigger mechanism, pistol grip and the magazine opening are incorporated in the lower receiver group. There is also storage space for keeping of cleaning kit in the fiber-glass or wooden butt. A labeled description of all components is illustrated in figure 03. Figure 02 Major Components of C7 Source: Chief of the defense sta ff (1987). Figure 03 Labeled C7 Components Source: Chief of the defense staff (1987). The weapon is simple in designed for effective operations and easy maintenance. It is equipped with ambidextrous controls. The C7A1 variant can be mounted with traditional iron sights or the ELCAN C79 optical sight specifically designed for eye relief. Manufacturer claims that C7 rifle has commonality of 97% parts with other available models. The field and operational conditions are strictly considered while selecting the material. The rifle is 39.6 inches long with a fire rate of 800 rounds per minute. It has a 3.4x power optical sight with accuracy up to 400 m. The wide adoption of the C7 rifle by Canadian forces and other military units is for so long is indicative its effectiveness in the battle field. The C7A2 is modified model of the C7A1 improved for the Canadian forces deployed in the Afghanistan region. The improvements include the ambidextrous configuration of selector lever, magazine rel ease, and the charging handle latch.

The Economic Dominance of the United States Essay

The Economic Dominance of the United States - Essay Example On the other hand, however, people who worked in the Soviet economy were given very little incentive to be more productive. Everybody was given a quota to meet and once that was done, then no more was required of them. The economic dominance of the United States was because its economy was basically in private hands with very little interference from the government. The encouragement of private enterprise in the United States is the reason why its economy prospered and why the most dominant multinationals in the world at that time came from this country. When compared with other economic powers such as that of the Soviet Union, the latter’s did not have enough opportunity to ensure that it was diversified enough to stay competitive on the global scene. While the United States economy remained dominant for a period of some thirty years and benefitted many of its citizens, it was also detrimental to many people, not only in the United States itself but also in the developing countries where its companies conducted their activities. The capitalist economic system of the United States created a situation where there developed an unprecedented level of unemployment not only within the country but also in developing countries (Keohane 5). Because of the vicious and predatory nature of the capitalist system, one of the main causes of unemployment was when companies went out of business. In many instances, this came as a surprise and people were hardly ever prepared in case they were suddenly unemployed. Gerschenkron is of the opinion that the United States’ economy was maintained through its exploitation of the developing countries, the latter being the source of cheap raw materials for the American industries (102).

A written analysis of an ethical dilemma in health care ethics Essay

A written analysis of an ethical dilemma in health care ethics - Essay Example The health care industry is one such organisation that tries to balance individual thought and critical thinking decision-making skills with ethical guidelines set forth via laws, regulations, and company policies. Every person, regardless of his or her chosen career or lifestyle, will eventually be forced to make a decision in an ethical dilemma. This dilemma may be as simple as whether or not to tell a friend that he or she may be getting laid off from work or as difficult as deciding whether or not a person has the sense and capability of making a decision on his or her own regarding healthcare and treatment. Doctors often face scenarios such as these often. Generally, doctors can turn to laws and legal documentation regarding how to proceed with a course of action. For example, if a woman were to go to a hospital with an extreme case of preeclampsia: do the doctors work to save her life and the life of her child, or do they respect the patient's wishes to be left alone. In this particular scenario, several people are involved in the decision-making process; and several others hold stakes in the results of the decision once made. First, the mother has already been informed that without a caesarean, she will die. Additionally, without allowing the doctors to perform the caesarean, the mother has been informed that her baby will also die. The third group of stakeholders in this scenario is the doctors treating Mrs. M. The Doctors face the difficult decision of forcing Mrs. M to endure a terrifying and difficult procedure, or allowing Mrs. M to make a choice that may kill both herself and her baby. Preeclampsia, sometimes called toxaemia, affects nearly five percent of all pregnancies throughout the world (Cleveland Clinic 2007); this disorder is "one of the leading causes of premature births and the difficulties that can accompany them" (Cleveland Clinic 2007, 2). This is because when a woman acquires preeclampsia her uterus becomes deprived of oxygen due to the low amounts of blood able to flow there. Some doctors believe that this spike in blood pressure is caused by poor nutrition; however to date there has been no specific cause defined. The only known cure for preeclampsia to date is to birth the baby. However, since many cases of preeclampsia become apparent merely half-way through a pregnancy, this may not always prove to be the best or most viable option (Cleveland Clinic 2007). If too early in the pregnancy, some doctors can monitor the baby's health and attempt to let the baby stay in the womb for a longer period of time to develop more fully before being delivered. However, in this particular scenario, allowing the baby to remain inside the mother's womb was not an option. The preeclampsia had already placed both the baby and the soon-to-be mother in danger of losing their lives. Allowing the child to remain inside the mother would surely kill both mother and child. A caesarean section is a procedure in which doctors can deliver the mother's baby "through an incision made on [her] pregnant belly" (BellyBelly 2007, 1). Essentially, rather than allow the baby to finish developing in the womb and be birthed vaginally, doctors believed that the best way to ensure safe delivery would be to cut

Managing service delivery in health and social care

Managing service delivery in health and social care Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of receiving people together to accomplish preferred goals and objectives using obtainable resources efficiently and effectively. Management includes planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing and controlling an organization or struggle for the purpose of achieving a goal. Basic functions of management: Management activates through numerous roles, often categorized as planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling. Planning is determining what wants to happen in the future and creating plans for action. Organizing means making finest use of the resources required to enable the fruitful carrying out of plans. Staffing can define as job examining, recruitment, and hiring individuals for suitable jobs. Leading is determining what needs to be done in a condition and getting people to do it. Controlling means testing progress against plans. Motivation is also a kind of basic function of management, because without motivation, employees cannot work effectively. If motivation doesnt take place in an organization then employees may not pay to the other functions. Introduction to healthcare management: Managing in healthcare is the field connecting to leadership, management and administration of hospitals, hospital networks and healthcare system. Healthcare managers are considered healthcare professionals. Healthcare is a very significant subject. Nowadays the field of healthcare is changing at a very quick pace. Healthcare is not only becoming more luxurious, but is undergoing abrupt changes due to the introduction of new medical technologies on a daily basis. As more and more people are now becoming conscious of the healthcare argument that is going on in the country, it is becoming progressively important that the general public recognize the changes that healthcare is going through, and how managing healthcare is the only way to make sure that people are well taken care of. Background of healthcare managing service delivery: In the United States, the first current health systems management program was established in 1934 at the University of Chicago. At the time, programs were finished in two years- one year of official graduate study and one year of residency. In 1958, the Sloan program at Cornell University began donation a program demanding two years of formal study, which remains the leading structure in the United States and Canada today. In 1978, as part of an exertion to establish healthcare management as an autonomous occupation, the first modern practitioner- teacher model graduate program was established at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. Health systems management has been defined as a hidden health occupation because of the comparatively low profile role manager take in health systems, in compassion to direct-care professions such as nursing and medicine. However the discernibility of the management occupation within healthcare has been increasing in current years, due largely to the common problems developed countries are having in balancing cost, across and quality in their hospitals and health systems. Education and training for healthcare management: A masters degree is considered the standard credential for most health managers in the United States. There are numerous known degree types that are considered same from the perspective of specialized preparation. The commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Management Education (CAHME) is the recognizing body overseeing masters level programs in the United States and Canada on behalf of the United States Department of Education. If recognizes several degree program categories, including Master of Health Services Administration (MHSA), Master of Business Administration (MBA), Master of Health Administration (MHA), Master of Public Health (MPH, MSPH, MSHPM), Master of Science (MS-HSM, MS-HA) and Master of Public Administration (MPA). Professional Organizations related to healthcare management: There are many professional associations connected to health systems management, which can be subcategorized as either personal or institutional membership groups. Personal membership groups are joined by individuals, and typically have individual talent and career development as their focus. Greater personal membership groups contain the American College of Healthcare Executives, the Healthcare Financial Management Association, and the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. Official membership groups are joined by organizations; they characteristically focus on organizational effectiveness, and may also comprise data-sharing agreements and additional best- practice sharing vehicles for member organizations. Prominent examples contain the American Hospital Association and the University Health systems consortium. Roles of Managing healthcare: There are numerous roles in managing healthcare. Some of them are pay attention to Medical Shoppers, turn workers into problem solvers, speak up beneficially (Managerial practices that elicit results from front-line employees, maintain the mental health, widening focus, pay attention for side effects, healthcare examination and prospects and using of internet ,etc. Workers must use the system to speak up when they meet a problem. Managers obtain extra value when reporters speak up constructively by proposing suggestions that facilitate process development. Managers can encourage employees to speak up about difficulties and they can encourage them to offer solutions. When managers had been more practical in responding to occasion reports, there was a better probability that staff would share their suggestions and actions taken to resolve the underlying problems, which is very valuable data for managers because they are not likely to be able to get this information elsewhere. How can front-line workers be encouraged to speak up when they know how to enlarge an organizations operation processes? This question is mostly urgent in healthcare industry, where difficulties happen often and consequences range from insignificant inconveniences to serious patient damage. This is more effective in departments whose managers are less involved in problem solving. Efforts at the organizational level can compensate for managers who cannot or do not produce an environment that stimulates front-line workers to speak up. Over and above the human cost triggered by deaths and suffering during a time of struggle, stairs of conflict are often left in poor financial circumstances and mental-health suffering even after the conflict finishes. While considerable attention has been paid to post-war rules with regard to recovery in physical and human capital, mental health has received comparatively less attention. Mental health is insignificant dimension of human capital. Mental health suffering, while a trouble of concern in and of itself, might also have adverse consequences for individuals labor force participation and labor output in the post-conflict period, thereby delaying financial recovery after the conflict ends. Understanding the efforts of focus and spillovers might help hospitals determine how they should balance focusing in a single medical area with building expertise in connected areas. Hospitals dedicating a bigger portion of their business to giving patients in related service groups (i.e. those with the potential for knowledge spillovers) skill higher returns to specialization in a focal facility. Ultimately, those results offer a potential description for why there might be declining returns to focusing an organization on a single operating activity (or narrow set of activities), mainly when it is possible to participate in other activities that accompaniment the organizations area of concentration. Managers can study from an understanding of how doctors think. There might be more significant implications for managers in the methods that doctors are trained. Many resemblances can note between the thinking of medical and management practitioners and the environment in which it is carried out. Doctors hurry when the disease is serious, managers when met with little time and pressure to get things done; managers fail to think well and so make poor conclusions. Doctors are trained troubleshooters. It takes many years to study to operate using such a scientific method in answering problems. Managers focus on making resolutions with slight information, not through a rigorous review of the facts. Though the Internet has woven itself into most aspects of life, limited fields have modified if more vigorously, and at times controversially, than healthcare. Managers can use internet facilities to give a better management. Healthcare and the internet are suited for each other, because no one needs to pay for either. The healthcare field is emerging as one of the busiest laboratories for exciting now business models and the risks are high indeed. While supplying patient care has always been a primary aim of healthcare organizations, financial results have long been the metric by which success is measured. Progressively, however, healthcare leaders are being held accountable for both medical and economic outcomes. As a result, it is crucial that healthcare executives and suppliers gain an understanding of the determinants of organizational effectiveness- strategy, finance, operations and leadership. Management theories in social care: Management theory is a widespread term which is used lightly to refer to research discoveries, frameworks, propositions, beliefs, views, saws and suggestions, all of which seek to describe how managers should manage. There are a number of theories about managing service delivery in social care. Some of them are Bureaucracy theory, scientific management theory, Administrative theory, Human relations theory, Neo-human relations theory and Guru Theory, etc. Max Webers theory of bureaucracy was established in a historical- philosophical context. His interests were in the process of social modification, and in particular, in the effect of rationality on religious thought and capitalism. By rationality he meant the kind of action or mode of organizing in which goals are clearly conceived and all conduct, except that designated to reach the specific goal, is rejected. The application of his idea of rationality to the organizational context is what secured this social scientists pre- eminent location in modern management thought. The term that Weber applied to the organizational form built upon pure legal- rational authority was bureaucracy. The Weber and model of bureaucracy gives a steady and predictable world which supplies the blueprint for rational designed structures in which rational individuals carry out their roles and actions. For Weber, the bureaucratic form of organization possessed the features of specialization, hierarchy, rule s, impersonality, full- time officials, career focus and a split between public and private activity. Developed at the starting of the twentieth century, Frederick Winslow Taylors theory of scientific management focused upon shop floor organization, and upon the methods that could be used to exploit the productivity of manual workers. Scientific management principals such as a perfect division of task and responsibilities between management and workers, scientific choice and training of workers, development of the one- best- way of working, and the application of financial incentives, all remain to be used to this day. The primary focus of administrative theory was on the determination of which types of specialization and hierarchy would enhance the efficiency of organizations. The theory is constructed around the four central pillars- the division of labor, the scalar and useful processes organizational structure, and the span- of- control. The role of managing service delivery in social care: Managers in social work want to have several talents. Some of them are good vision which is informed by connecting service users and other partners, ability to lead and support staff to work with service users and their careers to influence service development and outcomes, take responsibility and be accountable for good training, ability to influence a wide range of stakeholders to promote a social model of care and its values and they should be able to deal with the conflicts, pressures, and gate- keeping roles in managing social work services, taking account of individual and community heeds. Frameworks for delivery in social care: A framework for leadership and management progress wants to be broad in its scope given the breadth of change that is already taking place across social work services and the demands this creates for effective leadership and management. The framework should therefore address the following areas, professional and practice management, political management, strategic management, operational management, academic management and citizen management. Implementation of management in social care: Evaluation of the outline for leadership and management development as it is implemented is also recommended to ensure that it reaches the goals identified, meets the identified needs and that it continues to be relevant. Evaluation will be dangerous to understanding what is successful and where blockages happen. This will assist in identifying what additional action is wanted to ensure empowering and enabling leadership and effective management is in place to deliver improved results for users and careers. Challenges of managing service delivery in social care: A major challenge for leadership and management across social work services is one of change management. To deliver the vision set out in the 21st century social work review needs transforming how we think about services, how we deliver those services and a shared view of what the changes we are seeking to make should deliver. Beginning the right culture and climate for change to implement the review successfully is critical to its achievement. Conclusion: With a better managing service delivery we can develop health and social care more successfully.

A Separate Peace :: Character Analysis, Phineas

Phineas, a main character in â€Å"A Separate Peace†, was a very athletic, cheerful young man. He was a friend through and through, and he was a buddy to everyone around him. That isn’t the only thing Phineas was. Phineas represented an innocence beyond this world that no normal human can find. He had a sincerity that was infused with all his words and a joyfulness that could not be dampened. Finny’s innocence is personified multitudes of times throughout the book. He shows great sincerity towards Gene when he tells Gene that Gene is his best friend on their day trip to the beach. (23) Finny’s unhindered joy finds ways to manifest itself in obscure ways, such as when he wore the pink shirt and the tie belt. â€Å"Well, we’ve got to do something to celebrate.† (25) What most people find fright in, Finny finds excitement, such as when he jumps from the tree and founds the Summer Suicide Society. â€Å"This is the most fun I’ve had in weeks. Who’s next?† (16) An example of Finny’s innocence is showed through blitzball, the game he created with no teams, therefore without any losers of winners, but it was loads of fun. (37-40) Though, with an innocence this perfect, there is bound to be corruption. Finny’s innocence was corroded by the jealousy and malice of his supposed best friend, Gene. Gene at first saw Finny as a good, but very influential friend. Although, partway through the book, Gene began to despise Finny, thinking that Finny was only trying to be better than him. â€Å"That way he, the great athlete, would be way ahead of me. It was all cold trickery, it was all calculated, it was all enmity.† (53) In all actuality Finny was a great person as shown by the above paragraph. â€Å"Now I knew that there never was and never could have been any rivalry between us. I was not of the same quality as he.† (59) Eventually this jealousy from Gene towards Finny’s perfection tried to wear away the wholeness Finny had found. This shown when Gene shook the limb of the tree. (59-60) This breaks Finny’s leg which ends, essentially, where his perfection originates from, his athletics. â€Å"Sports are finished for him, after an accident like that. Of course.† (63) Finny still retained his innocence but, it was not the same as before.

Financial Reporting Problem Part 1 Essay

The company’s annual report is important because it gives the shareholders a clear picture and understanding about how the company is doing financially. The annual reports provide thorough information on very significant section of the accounts, such as the balance sheet, the income statement, and the cash flow statement. The information presented in the annual report would also be essential to potential investor, employee, and any other people that may have interest in financial aspect of the business. The company’s total assets at the end of December 2013 were $77,478,000 (PepsiCo, n.d.). Although, for the reporting period at the end of December 2012, the total was $74,638,000. This information is important because it demonstrate what the company owns and how the company has grown over the years. It gives an understanding of the financial condition of the company, and how well they are doing, or have not done over the time frame. The current assets are the first thing on the balance. These are listed by the company so they have a tangible list of what it may convert into cash in a short period of time if the situation calls for that. This can usually be done in less than a year. Because these assets can easily be turned to cash by the company, they are referred to as â€Å"liquid† assets. Cash and cash equivalents are the most liquid assets found on the company’s balance sheet. PepsiCo’s cash and cash equivalents for the year end of December 28, 2013 were $9,375,000 and in December 2012 the company had $6,297,000 in cash and cash equivalents (PepsiCo, n.d.). This includes short-term investments, accounts and notes receivable, inventories and prepaid expenses, and other current assets. This represents the company’s liquidity. The more of the above that the company has access to what gives them a high risk of success because management can use the money to carry through tough periods. All accounts  payable are the debts owed by the company to various vendors for products and services purchased on credit. Upon review of the current financial statement for PepsiCo they have a total amount of $12,533,000 owed to vendors (Yahoo Finance, 2014). This is one of the largest current liabilities because of the fact the companies are constantly ordering new products or paying vendors for services or merchandise. As shown on PepsiCo’s balance sheet, the company recorded $12,274,000 in their accounts payable for their previous annual reporting period, 2012 (Yahoo Finance, 2014). This says that PepsiCo purchased supplies, products, and services on credit. They were liable to pay this amount to their vendors and suppliers at the time they were due. Net incomes are proceeds from a sale of an asset, minus the commissions, taxes, and other expenses related to the sale. For example, a case of Pepsi was sold in a store. The net incomes made from that sale, what money is left after the expenses, commissions, and taxes are paid. Another example of net income would be the profit made from the sale of a truck, land, or building that PepsiCo owned. PepsiCo reported $6,740,000 in net income for 2013 (Yahoo Finance, 2014). This is an increase from the reported net income in 2012. In 2012 PepsiCo reported $6,178,000 in net income (Yahoo Finance, 2014). As shown, there was a bigger increase in net income between 2012 and 2013. Net income is one of the most important signs of a business’ financial stability. The net income is generally the amount remaining after the expenses have been met or deducted. This is known as the bottom line because it is found on the last line of the income statement. PepsiCo reported their total current assets at the end of their most recent annual reporting period, 2013, at $22,203,000 (Yahoo Finance, 2014). This figure includes their current assets such as cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, net receivables, and inventory. Cash includes currency on hand as well as deposits in their financial institution. Cash equivalents are investments with maturities of three months or less. Net receivables are the amount due from customers or clients within one year on the balance sheet date. The inventory will include the raw materials, work in process, and finished goods. They value these at the lower to cost or market. In 2012, PepsiCo reported $18,720,000 in their total current assets  (Yahoo Finance, 2014). It is evident that between the years of 2012 and 2013 their total current assets increased. The annual report contains the information above and is very important to the business, and can be used for many different reasons. The owner s can use the information to decide whether or not they should continue to operate. The information on the total assets and the amount of the accounts payable can benefit potential investors because it shows them strong the company is financially, by stating what the company owns and how much it owes. The finance department can use the information above to make reasonable â€Å"decision about debt and equity financing and how to distribute in dividends† (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 41). Last, but not least: the human resources department can use the information to see how much cash the company has and its total income in order to figure out how much money is available in order to give incentives, raises, bonuses, benefits, rewards, or other types of gifts etc. to the employees. According to our text, it also states that â€Å"if employees can read and use financial reports all employees will be better informed about the basis on which they are evaluated, which will increase employee morale† (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 41). References Kimmel, P. D., Weygandt, J. J., & Kieso, D. E. (2011). Financial accounting: Tools for business decision making (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. PepsiCo. (n.d.). Investors. Retrieved from http://www.pepsico.com/Investors/Annual-Reports.html Yahoo Finance. (2014, April). http://finance.yahoo.com/q/hp?s=PEP+Historical+Prices

SAT Test Results How to Get and Interpret Your Results

SAT Test Results How to Get and Interpret Your Results SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips So you just took the SAT, and you’re eager (or terrified) to see your scores. Especially if this is your first time taking the test, the score report can be confusing. But reading it correctly will help you to identify weak spots and do better on the test next time and get real SAT results. I’ll go over how to get your SAT score report and read it so you’re getting the most out of the information the College Board gives you. How Do I Get My SAT Score Report? Your scores will be available to you online about three weeks after you take the SAT.To see your scores,log into your College Board account.If the scores for your test date are available, they should show up right away on the dashboard, like this: Just click "View Details" and you'll be able to see your full score report. You can easily download a PDF of the report by clicking "Download Report" in the top right corner of the screen. If your scores haven't come out yet, there is no way to speed up the scoring process. You can, however, get your scores sent to colleges faster than normal after they are released. This is called rush reporting, and it will get your scores sent to schools within two business days. Rush reporting comes with a fee of $31 for the first report and $11.25 for each additional report. What Will Be on My Score Report? Your score report will give you a lot of information about the types of questions you answered correctly and incorrectly and their difficulty levels.You’ll notice that the score report has four tabs: Report Details, Essay Details (if you took the test with the essay), Skills Insight, and Score Sends.Here’s some information about what’s included in each section and how to interpret it. Report Details This tab listsall of your scores in one place. First, it includesthe score you got for each section along with a score range of around 40-60 points. This is shows you the range of scores you might end up with for that section if you took the test again assuming the same level of preparation. You'll also see where you fall in the national percentile range: The Report Details tab also shows you your subscores for Reading, Writing, and Math, each out of 40 points. These are accompanied by statistics on thetotal number of questions for each section and the number that you got correct, incorrect, or omitted. These are followed by your two cross-test scores, which are also out of forty points: Finally, you'll see your seven subscores, each out of fifteen points. These help to identify more specific areas of strength and weakness: If you took the essay, your essay scores will also be at the bottom of this page: Notice that there are little "i" icons in the corner of the boxes for each of these scores. If you click on them, you'll get an explanation of which skills are incorporated into that score. At the top right of all the score boxes (except for the essay scores) you'll also be able to click "show details" to see your national percentile ranking for each subscore. Essay Details In the next tab, Essay Details, you'll see the prompt you answered on the test reproduced along with a scanned copy of your essay. You can print your essay using the button in the top right corner of the box with the prompt. The Skills Insight tab will give you more information on what you essay scores actually mean. Skills Insight The Skills Insight tab includes pages for each of the three main testing categories (reading, writing and language, and math) plus the essay if you took it. This part of your report is intended to help you see which academic skills you need to work on and which you've mastered already. You can also link your report to Khan Academy from within this tab - more on that option later. Score Sends This last tab provides information on how to send your scores to colleges. If you chose to send any of the four free score reports when you registered for the test, the information for the schools or scholarship programs you indicated should be listed in this tab. If you haven't sent any scores yet, you won't see any schools listed. Just click on the "Send Additional Score Reports" button to send score reports to more colleges and scholarship programs for a fee. What Do I Do With All This Information? You may feel like just ignoring the details in your score report and obsessing over the final numbers, but if you do that you’re abandoning an opportunity to see where your weaknesses lie and how you can prepare better for the next test date.Take a look at each section individually and find out where you had the most trouble so you can decide where to focus your studying efforts. The easiest way to use these scores to study for your next test is to link your report to the Khan Academy site, which will then give you individually tailored practice materials. You'll see an option to do this at the top of the Skills Insight tab. Khan Academy is not a cure-all, however, and you may need to strike out on your own to address some deeper issues. Here are some examples how you could respond to different scenarios: Your Weaknesses Were Command of Evidence and Expression of Ideas Practice your passage reading skills, and find out what works for you. Usually, on the Reading section, it saves time to skim the passage and then go through the questions before you do any closer reading. If you omitted lots of Reading and Writing questions, you might be running out of time, which is probably because you are spending too much time reading closely before you get to the questions.Practice timing yourself with real SAT passages and questions. You should also make sure you’re not making assumptions about the passages and confusing yourself.Sometimes students make the mistake of inferring too much information from SAT passages. Stick to answering questions based on the specific evidence given in the passage. You Struggled with Advanced Math Topics You don’t have trouble with dumb mistakes on easy questions, so that’s good news.Your problem is most likely content-based, which is more fixable.Look for any patterns in the categories of questions that might point to specific gaps in knowledge.Study up on the formulas you’ll need for the SAT, and make sure you know how to use them. This could also be an issue related totime management. If you notice that you omitted a lot of questions, this might apply to you.Remember that you shouldn't linger for more than a minute on each question in the math sections. Move on when you find yourself stumped so that you don’t waste too much time on any one question. You can also employ some of the general strategies outlined in our articles on raising low math SAT scores and getting an 800 on the math section. You Did Well on the Multiple Choice Writing Questions, but You Got a Low Essay Score If you did well on the multiple choice writing questions, then your problem is probably not grammar and sentence structure. You might just need to work on the holistic organization of your essay and use of examples from the passage. Take a look at these tips for improving your score and this step-by-step guide to writing a great essay.Remember to make your essay long enough so that your ideas are fully developed. Include at least two or three body paragraphs that address specific examples of how the author develops his or her argument. A Final Word on Score Reports The information on your score report gives you an opportunity to be honest with yourself about the areas where you struggle on the SAT.After reviewing your score report, you can infer the reasons for your mistakes and tailor your study strategy to those areas so you won’t have the same problems in the future! You can also consider ordering one of the services the SAT offers for you to review your scores in more detail, the Question and Answer Service or Student Answer Service (read more about these services here). You can order them up to five months after your original test date. What's Next? Are you looking to take the SAT again now that you've reviewed your scores? Take a look at this guide to choosing the right date for you and this list of upcoming test dates. If you're trying to formulate a study plan for the next time you take the test, take a look at these plans for Sophomore and Junior year and the summer before Senior year, as well as our Complete Plan for the SAT. Frustrated with your score? Learn from our perfect SAT scorer. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also feature thousands of practice questions, 10 official SAT practice tests, and personal feedback on your essays from an expert instructor. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Trading on the Stock Markets

Trading on the Stock Markets Background A stock market can be defined as a â€Å"public entity for trading of company stock and derivatives at an agreed price; these are securities listed on stock exchange as well as those traded privately† (Anonymous: â€Å"Capital and derivatives Market† Para 2). At the beginning of the month of October, the year 2008, the global stock market size was determined to be approximately 37 trillion US dollars. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Trading on the Stock Markets specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More More so, estimation that has been carried out of the â€Å"total world derivatives market† has shown that the value of the derivatives market is about 790 trillion US dollars; a value which is more than ten times the whole global economy size. On the stock market, there is listing of the stocks and trading them. Both the buyers and sellers are brought together on this market (Anonymous: â€Å"C apital and derivatives Market† Para 3). In the United States, the biggest stock market, basing on the market capitalization, is the NYSE – â€Å"New York Stock Exchange†. In addition to this, in the United States, we also have other stock exchange markets such as the Dow Jones Stock Market and NASDAQ. In Britain, we have the â€Å"London Stock Exchange’. In Japan, there is the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE). TSE is number three in size by â€Å"aggregate market capitalization of its listed companies†¦it had 2,414 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of $3.1 trillion as of May 2010† (â€Å"China becomes the world’s third largest stock market† Para 7). In the United Kingdom, we have the London Stock exchange market. It is located in the city of London, According to â€Å"Market Highlights for the first half –year 2010† (Para 3), by the month of August last year (2010), â€Å"the exchange had a market capitalization of US$ 2.63 trillion, making it to be the forth largest stock exchange in the world by this measurement and it is the largest in Europe† (â€Å"Market Highlights for the first half –year 2010† 1). In Saudi Arabia, we have the Saudi Stock Exchange, also referred to as â€Å"Tadawul†. It is under the control of the â€Å"Saudi Arabian Monetary agency†Ã¢â‚¬ . This is the largest stock exchange market in the region. As it is pointed out by the â€Å"Saudi Stock Exchange†, it has â€Å"a market capitalization amounting to much more than US55 billion† (Para 1). This market has been increasing over the years beginning from the time it was set up in the year 1954. This stock exchange, being the only major stock exchange in the country, used to operate informally up to the middle of the 1980s.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Le arn More Trading on the stock market Those traders who take part in the stock exchange market may be either just small individuals who wish to invest in stocks or they can be very big â€Å"hedge fund traders†. Among the exchanges that are carried out, there are those in which transactions are entered in to on a â€Å"trading floor† (physically). This is done by a method referred to as â€Å"open outcry†. Such form of sale is employed in both â€Å"stock exchanges† as well as â€Å"commodity exchanges† in which those engaging in trade make bids and offers by word of mouth. However, with advancing technology, there has emerged another form exchange in which trading is carried out in a virtual manner. In this, there is use of computers and transactions are carried out electronically without necessarily having the traders interacting physically. Basically, the trades carried out are on the basis of an â€Å"auction market model†. Unde r this, the buyer engages in bidding for a definite price he is ready to pay and then the prospective seller asks for his or her desirable price from the buyer. This may go on for sometime until the buyer and the seller meet at a common price that is deemed to be desirable for both parties; the buyer and the seller. At this point, a sale occurs. In a situation where we have two or more bidders (buyers) or askers (seller), one who comes first is the one who is sold to. A stock exchange is meant to make it possible for the buyers and sellers to interact in order to exchange securities and by doing this, a marketplace is provided. Considering the New York Stock Exchange, this market is a â€Å"physical exchange† where the traders interact with one another physically, face to face and it is also a â€Å"listed exchange†. Unlike the NYSE, NASDAQ is a â€Å"virtual listed exchange† (Anonymous: â€Å"NASDAQ† Para 2). In this particular market, all the trading activities are carried out electronically, over a â€Å"computer network. The trading process is the same as that followed by the New York Stock exchange market. The only difference between the two is that, in this market, the buyers and sellers interact electronically rather than physically.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Trading on the Stock Markets specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Time and again, there has been deviation of active trading from â€Å"active exchange† (Ortega and Yalman Para 1). Ortega and Yalman point out that, â€Å"Securities firms, led by UBS AG, Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and Credit Suisse Group, already steer 12 percent of U.S security trades away from the exchanges to their internal systems† (Para 2). They further projected that, there was even a probability of the level of that share going up (to eighteen percent) by the year 2010 â€Å"as more investment banks bypass the NY SE and NASDAQ and pair buyers and sellers of securities themselves, according to the data compiled by Boston-based Aite Group LLC, a brokerage consultant† (Ortega and Yalman Para 3). Other than NASDAQ and the NYSE, in the United States’ stock market, there is the Dow Jones stock market. This was set up in the year 1896 and its founder was Charles Dow. This exchange is â€Å"an icon in the trading industry† (â€Å"Dow Jones Stock Market† Para 1). It is further pointed out that, basically â€Å"the Dow commercial average is a market index that provides a fast method to get to an understanding of how the exchange is fairing on any given day† (â€Å"Dow Jones Stock Market† Para 2). This stock market does not provide â€Å"specifics† but instead allows the public to have the knowledge about the overall trends that are being followed by it. Several criticisms have been directed towards the â€Å"Dow Jones Stock Market† and these crit icisms have been coming form the researchers. They have criticized this stock market’s move not to include a large number of firms to carry out the representation of the general â€Å"market performance†. More criticisms have also arisen in which there has been disagreeing that â€Å"trading on all thirty stocks included in the Dow Jones stock market doesn’t always open at the same time each morning, thus skewing the day’s average† ((â€Å"Dow Jones Stock Market† Para 2). However, despite these criticisms, the â€Å"Dow Jones Stock market Business average†, in the course of time, has determinedly performed similarly to the broader United States market and this is the reason why this stock market remains to be preferred by many people to the present day. Considering the case in Saudi Arabia, in March 2010, it was reported in the â€Å"All Headline News† that the stock exchange of this country â€Å"had opened its doors to for eign investors as a leading investment firm announced that foreign investment in the country was expected to grow by 20 percent in the coming year† (â€Å"Saudi Stock Market† Para 1). Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This move was taken to enable the foreigners to â€Å"invest in ‘Exchange Traded Funds’, an index fund traded on an exchange like a stock so as to offer foreign investors the opportunity to obtain broad-based exposure to the Saudi equity market† († (â€Å"Saudi Stock Market† Para 2). In the year 2008, FDI to Saudi Arabia was twenty four million US dollars. This country has also realized â€Å"stable improvement in its ranking in the World Bank’s Doing Business index† (â€Å"Saudi Stock Market† Para 11). It moved to position 13 in the year 2010 from position 15 in the previous year and this makes this country to be â€Å"the highest ranked country in the Middle East †¦.the index measures ten different variables ranging from the ease of sharing a business and enforcing contracts to paying taxes and cross border trading†(â€Å"Saudi Stock Market† Para 11). There are some occasions on which trading of particular s hares is stopped; sometimes for a few hours or days or even longer. On an individual level, stopping to trade on a stock can take place during a drop. This step assists in enabling people trading in stock to avoid losing their money. The simplest way to do this is to set â€Å"a stop-loss order on one’s brokerage on each of one’s holding to protect oneself against massive drops in the value of holdings† (Hewitt Para). However, on other occasions, the capital market authority can stop trading a particular stock. It does this for several reasons and among these reasons is that, it may intent to punish inside trading and to regulate the market. This is clearly evident on the Saudi stock exchange market where it is reported that the stock market has â€Å"cleaned up† following the actions taken by the Capital market Authority (â€Å"Saudi Stock Market† Para 5). Lacoma (Para) points out that the most well-known stock market is the NYSE. However, all t he stock markets work in the same way, the NYSE works. In these markets, the Capital Market Authorities can stop trading of a particular stock but this occurs in just some specific cases for certain organizations. This can be carried out in the form of a suspension of a stock market. This implies that those who want to invest shall not have any influence in line with the â€Å"suspended stock†. Those people who are owners of this security have no power to sell it and those ready to buy it can not be able to do so. In addition, the company is prevented from carrying out any adjustments on this stock. Suspensions take place at once and may remain effective, going on for a number of days but not beyond ten days in total (Lacoma Para 2). It is also important to note that suspension is applicable to a single company’s securities and stock and not on the securities and stock of the whole stock market. Closing down the whole stock market can not be easy. The suspension is not aimed at paralyzing the economy in its entirety in whatever way. Those who wish to invest can go on trading on the stock market; buying and selling stocks from other companies on the market. Suspensions are meant to make the companies to engage in reviewing their financial records. This in most cases follows suspicion of existence of fraud in a company or in the cases where big flaws have been committed in regard to making records. In some cases, suspension may occur following the need to make clarification of certain legislation. The suspension of stock is carried out in order to safeguard the investors against any uncertainties while all-inclusive investigation on the company’s activities is carried out. A suspension may have a negative effect on the company’s stock on the stock market. After being suspended, in most cases the stock starts trading at a greatly decreased price. This comes about as a result of the investors being filled with uneasiness in regard to the suspension and look at the company in a suspicious manner even if findings after the suspension were not negative. It is important to draw a distinction between a suspension and â€Å"halts and delays†. A halt takes place when the suspension of the stock is carried out by the company itself and it does this with an intention of sharing some important information with investors. This is always brief and may not go on for even more than an hour. A delay is just like a halt. However, the difference is that it occurs at beginning of the trading day. In whichever the case; whether it is a suspension, a halt or a delay, all of them involve stopping of trading on the stock market. Most of the people who invest have come to learn that the stock market is a quite volatile market for one to put his or her money in it. However, it is this market characteristic (volatility) that brings in returns which the investors obtain. Wagner defines volatility as â€Å"a measure of dispersio n around the mean or average return of a security†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.and Standard deviation can be used to measure volatility† (Para 2). This method of measuring volatility gives out information on â€Å"how tightly the price of a stock is grouped around the mean or moving average† (Wagner Para 2). Wagner further points out that, in considering securities, â€Å"the higher the standard deviation, the greater the dispersion of returns and the higher the risk associated with the investment† (Para 3). Apart from this using this method in measuring volatility, it can also be measured by taking the mean range to every period, â€Å"from the low price value to the high price value† Wagner Para 3). Basing on this, there is expressing of â€Å"the value obtained as a percentage of the starting point of the period†¦.larger movements in the price creating a higher price range result in higher volatility and the lower price ranges result in lower volatilityâ€℠¢ (Wagner Para 5). It is important to note that, there exists a very powerful correlation between â€Å"volatility and market performance†. There is a tendency for the level of volatility to come down while there is an increase in the stock market and the level of volatility goes up while the stock market declines. The risk level moves up with the level of volatility and at the same time the level of returns goes down. To illustrate this clearly, Wagner cites a research that was conducted in 2007 by â€Å"Crestmont Research† which was aimed at evaluating the past records of the relationship that exists between the â€Å"stock market performance† and the â€Å"market volatility†. This research utilized the â€Å"average range for each day to measure the volatility of the Standard Poor’s 500 Index† (Wagner Para 6). The results that were presented from the research report gave out an indication that higher volatility matches up with higher l ikelihood of a decreasing market and lower volatility matches up with a higher likelihood of an increasing market (Wagner Para 6). Considering, the volatility ratio, according to â€Å"Investopedia†, volatility ratio is defined as â€Å"a technical indicator used to identify price ranges and breakouts† (Para). It utilizes a â€Å"true price range† to carry out the determination of a â€Å"true trading range† of a stock and is capable of identifying â€Å"situations where price has moved out of this true range† (Investopedia Para 1). By being familiar with stock volatility as well as the volatility ratio, the investors are in a better position to trade wisely on any stock exchange market. Conclusion The stock exchange market brings together buyers and sellers in order for them to engage in stock trading. The traders on this market may be small individual investors or large business corporations. Most of these traders who have been in this business l ong enough, have come to learn that the stock market is a quite volatile market for one to put money in. However, in whichever the stock exchange market, it is this market characteristic (volatility) that brings in returns which the investors obtain. Among the major stock exchange markets in the world that have been looked at include; the New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, Dow Jones Stock exchange (all the three found in the U.S), the Tokyo Stock Exchange, The London Stock Exchange and the Saudi Stock Exchange. There comes a time when the capital market authority may stop trading a particular stock. This may lead to the suspension of the stock. This occurs for several reasons and among these reasons is that, the company involved may not be having right records or there is likelihood of having fraud in the company. More so, there might be some legal obligations that are supposed to be met by the company involved. However, not all the trading is stopped on the market but it is only o ne company’s stock and trading will always go on as usual with stocks of other companies that are not affected with the suspension. Anonymous. â€Å"Capital and derivatives Market†. 9 December 2010. Web.. https://sites.google.com/a/rajalakshmi.edu.in/myrec/knowledge-sharing-cell-1/capitalandderivativesmarket. â€Å"China becomes the world’s third largest stock market†. Economic Times. 19 June 2010. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/global-markets/China-becomes-worlds-third-largest-stock-market/articleshow/6068129.cms â€Å"Dow Jones Stock market†. Cheap Stock Trading. 24 December 2009. Web.. cheapstocktrading.org/dow-jones-stock-market/. Investopedia, â€Å"Volatility Ratio†. 2011. Web. investopedia.com/terms/v/volatility-ratio.asp. Lacoma, Tyler. â€Å"When does the stock market suspend trading?† 3 October 2010. Web.. ehow.com/about_7311092_trading-halt-stocks_.html. â€Å"Market Highlights for the first half –year 2010†. World Federation of Exchanges. July 2010.Web. world-exchanges.org/files/file/stats%20and%20charts/July%202010%20WFE%20Market%20Highlights.pdf. â€Å"NASDAQ – What is NASDAQ? All about NASDAQ stock market†. Hubpages Incl. 2011. Web. http://hubpages.com/hub/NASDAQ-What-is-Nasdaq-All-about-NASDAQ-Stock-Market. Ortega, Edgar, and Yalman Onaran. â€Å"UBS, Goldman threaten NYSE, Nasdaq with rival stock markets†. Bloomberg, 4 December 2006. Web.. bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchiverefer=homesid=al86iws61SPY. â€Å"Saudi Stock Exchange†. Economy Watch. N.d. Web. economywatch.com/stockexchanges/saudi.html. â€Å"Saudi Stock Market Opens to foreigners†. All headline News. Web. allheadlinenews.com/articles/7018236735. Wagner, Hans. â€Å"Volatility’s impact on market returns†. 2010. Web.. investopedia.com/articles/financial-theory/08/volatility.asp.

Corporate Strategy for Dyson Limited Assignment

Corporate Strategy for Dyson Limited - Assignment Example James Dyson founded it after he encountered several problems with the conventional wheelbarrow he was using in renovating his property, as it the wheel sank into the mud, was unstable and prone to punctures. In the technological sector, Dyson limited has finally entered the robot vacuum cleaner space, as the Dyson 360 Eye is finally unveiled ahead of its release this year. This invention came due to the consideration that most robotic vacuum cleaners do not see their environment, have little suction and do not clean properly. In other words, they are gimmicks. The company continues to produce vacuum cleaners in the United Kingdom holding a 20% retail volume share as at 2012. The discovery of the robotic vacuum cleaner will give it a competitive advantage over its competitors leading to an increase in sales. Its main competitors Vax Ltd and Hoover Candy Group posted sales of 10% and 8% respectively in 2012. From an economic viewpoint, the current market scenario does not provide favorable conditions to most industries to expand their businesses, especially, consumer related. Due to unfavorable demand, the vacuum cleaner production factory in Wiltshire is planning to shut down its manufacturing plant leading to a loss of 590 jobs. The firm is moving upright vacuum cleaner manufacturer to the Far East where labor costs less compared to the west. James Dyson, the owner of the company pointed out that there are still 1,150 people working at the factory. The market share of the company by volume has decreased from third to quarter over the last five years, which has led to a decline in sales volume and profitability. Lifestyle has changed in the emerging markets because of the increase in the number of people with quantifiable disposable income. Most single women and men prefer the robotic vacuum cleaners recently launched by Dyson due to its flexibility in cleaning and storage.  

Global ethical Issues Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Global ethical Issues - Research Paper Example Just war theory is a philosophy which seeks to determine when wars are morally valid to fight and also seeks to establish the principles for waging them. There are two parts of just war theory, â€Å"Jus Ad Bellum† and â€Å"Jus In Bello† (MacKinnon, 2012, pp. 243-244). The first of these tries to establish when causes are just, and the second tries to establish how exactly wars should be fought in a just way. Both of these are extremely important for waging just wars, as â€Å"even if a war were fought for a just cause, with the prospect of achieving more good than harm, as a last resort only, and with the proper intention, it still would not be fully just if it were not conducted justly or in accordance with certain principles or moral guidelines† (MacKinnon, 2012, p244). â€Å"Jus Ad Bellum,† or the right to wage war, seeks to establish when it is morally valid to initiate a war. The simplest possible way of describing this part of just war theory is that unless you have a reason to initiate a war that is itself morally valid, there is no way the war will be morally valid. A few of the common criteria for just wars are â€Å"having just cause, being a last resort, being declared by a proper authority, possessing right intention, having a reasonable chance of success, and the end being proportional to the means used† (Mosely, 2009). If all of these criteria are met, then it may be just to wage a war, although it is worth noting that â€Å"the lack of a strict ethical framework means that the principles themselves are open to broad interpretations† (Mosely, 2009). Regardless of how strictly warring nations follow the Jus Ad Bellum principles, it is clear that they are informed largely by theories of consequentialist moral reasoning. This is the kind of reasoning which is not concerned so much with how something is carried out as it is with why. That is, â€Å"we should only be concerned about our actions in